Command
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Additional help and information with file extensions
A computer file extension is commonly a three characters addition that follows the name of a file. This extension helps IBM compatible computers, such as computers running Microsoft Windows, to identify what program to associate the file with and how to properly open the file.
This section of Computer Hope has been designed as a location for users to locate what programs are associated with what file extensions as well as a location to find technical support for questions regarding computer files and/or file extensions.
Below is a listing of links to the thousands of file extensions and brief descriptions currently listed on Computer Hope. Click one of the below letters with what the file extension you're looking for begins with. For example, If you're looking for information about a .EXE file click the letter E.
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N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
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MS-DOS EXTENDED ERRORS
| DEC | HEX | DESCRIPTION |
| 00 | 00h | No error |
| 01 | 01h | Function number invalid |
| 02 | 02h | File not found |
| 03 | 03h | Path not found |
| 04 | 04h | Too many open tiles (no file handles available) |
| 05 | 05h | Access denied |
| 06 | 06h | Invalid handle |
| 07 | 07h | Memory control block destroyed |
| 08 | 08h | Insufficient memory |
| 09 | 09h | Memory block address invalid |
| 10 | 0Ah | Environment invalid (usually >32k in length) |
| 11 | 0Bh | Format invalid |
| 12 | 0Ch | Access code invalid |
| 13 | 0Dh | Data invalid |
| 14 | 0Eh | (reserved) |
| 15 | 0Fh | Invalid drive |
| 16 | 10h | Attempted to remove current directory |
| 17 | 11h | Not same device |
| 18 | 12h | No more tiles |
| 19 | 13h | Disk write-protected |
| 20 | 14h | Unknown unit |
| 21 | 15h | Drive not ready |
| 22 | 16h | Unknown command |
| 23 | 17h | Data error (CRC) |
| 24 | 18h | Bad request structure length |
| 25 | 19h | Seek error |
| 26 | 1Ah | Unknown media type (non-DOS disk) |
| 27 | 1Bh | Sector not found |
| 28 | 1Ch | Printer out of paper |
| 29 | 1Dh | Write fault |
| 30 | 1Eh | Read fault |
| 31 | 1Fh | General failure |
| 32 | 20h | Sharing violation |
| 33 | 21h | Lock violation |
| 34 | 22h | Disk change invalid |
| 35 | 23h | FCB unavailable |
| 36 | 24h | Sharing buffer invalid |
| 37 | 25h | (DOS 4+) code page mismatch |
| 38 | 26h | (DOS 4+) cannot complete file operation (out of input) |
| 39 | 27h | (DOS 4+) insufficient disk space |
| 40 | 28h | (reserved) |
| 41 | 29h | (reserved) |
| 42 | 2Ah | (reserved) |
| 43 | 2Bh | (reserved) |
| 44 | 2Ch | (reserved) |
| 45 | 2Dh | (reserved) |
| 46 | 2Eh | (reserved) |
| 47 | 2Fh | (reserved) |
| 48 | 30h | (reserved) |
| 49 | 31h | (reserved) |
| 50 | 32h | Network request not supported |
| 51 | 33h | Remote computer not listening |
| 52 | 34h | Duplicate name on network |
| 53 | 35h | Network name not found |
| 54 | 36h | Network busy |
| 55 | 37h | Network device no longer exists |
| 56 | 38h | Network BIOS command limit exceeded |
| 57 | 39h | Network adapter hardware error |
| 58 | 3Ah | Incorrect response from network |
| 59 | 3Bh | Unexpected network error |
| 60 | 3Ch | Incompatible remote adapter |
| 61 | 3Dh | Print queue full |
| 62 | 3Eh | Queue not full |
| 63 | 3Fh | Not enough space to print file |
| 64 | 40h | Network name was deleted |
| 65 | 41h | Network access denied |
| 66 | 42h | Network device type incorrect |
| 67 | 43h | Network name not found |
| 68 | 44h | Network name limit exceeded |
| 69 | 45h | Network BIOS session limit exceeded |
| 70 | 46h | Temporarily paused |
| 71 | 47h | Network request not accepted |
| 72 | 48h | Network print / disk redirection paused |
| 73 | 49h | (LANtastic) invalid network version |
| 74 | 4Ah | (LANtastic) account expired |
| 75 | 4Bh | (LANtastic) password expired |
| 76 | 4Ch | (LANtastic) login attempted invalid at this time |
| 77 | 4Dh | (LANtastic) disk limit exceed on network node |
| 78 | 4Eh | (LANtastic) not logged in to network node |
| 79 | 4Fh | (reserved) |
| 80 | 50h | File exists |
| 81 | 51h | (reserved) |
| 82 | 52h | Cannot make directory |
| 83 | 53h | Fail on INT 24h |
| 84 | 54h | (DOS 3.3+) too many redirections |
| 85 | 55h | (DOS 3.3+) duplicate redirection |
| 86 | 56h | (DOS 3.3+) invalid password |
| 87 | 57h | (DOS 3.3+) invalid parameter |
| 88 | 58h | (DOS 3.3+) network write fault |
| 89 | 59h | (DOS 4+) function not supported on network |
| 90 | 5Ah | (DOS 4+) required system component not installed |
MS-DOS ERRORS
Abort, Retry, Fail? - Usually, you will get this error message if you are trying to read a disk that is not readable or if no disk is present. Access denied - Usually meaning the file has an attribute on it. TIP: if you need to delete the file, just deltree FILE Bad command or file name - Usually, this is when you miss type a command or if DOS does not know the command. Bad or missing command interpreter - DOS cannot locate the Command.com, an important file that holds all of DOS's needed information; you will need to recopy it. Also, there is a chance you could possibly have a Virus Divide overflow - Program has attempted to divide something by 0. Drive not ready error - Disk in the drive is not readable, such as a disk not being in the disk drive. Duplicate file name or file not found - When attempting to rename a file, the file does not exist or there is already a file with that name. File cannot be copied onto itself - An attempt to copy a file could not be completed because the file already exists or same source and destination. File creation error - Directory could be full because of the DOS limitation of files in one directory; the file could also already exist or the file was not copied correctly File not found - Meaning that, in the directory that you searched, it does not have that certain file or there are no files in the directory. General Failure - Something bad has occurred and DOS not know what to say so it just gives you this error. If this is given when trying to read the Hard drive, you may need to format the hard drive or it could even be bad |  |
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Insufficient disk space - Disk is full or, if you are trying to copy a file to a disk, the file is too big to fit on the disk. Internal stack overflow - DOS's internal storage areas are full. You may need to go into your config.sys and increase the STACKS=0,0 Invalid directory - Directory is invalid or does not exist in the directory you are currently in. Invalid drive specification - Drive does not exist on the computer or cannot be found. Invalid file name or file not found - DOS cannot find the file specified in the current directory or the file has an invalid character in it. Invalid media, track 0 bad or unusable - Format command cannot format the specified disk or the disk capacity is invalid, or bad disk. Invalid number of parameters - When the command was typed, something was left out that DOS needed by the command, mistyped the command. or put a space where one was not needed. Invalid parameter - Typed a command correctly but specified the incorrect parameter, such as format /z Invalid Switch - The wrong slash was typed, such as cd/ when it is supposed to be cd\. Non-System disk or disk error - When booting up the computer, this error will usually occur when there is a floppy disk that is not bootable in the computer. If there is no disk inside the computer, this could be an indication of a unrecognized hard drive, unformatted hard drive, or hard drive with missing system files. Not ready, reading drive X - Attempted to read a disk that is not readable or there is no disk in that drive. Write fault error - Tried to reroute text to a device that is not connected, is not valid or not hooked up. Write protect - Tried to write to a disk that is write protected |
autoexec.bat && config.sys
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Below is an example of what an autoexec may look like:
@echo off
SET SOUND=C:\PROGRA~1\CREATIVE\CTSND
SET BLASTER=A220 I5 D1 H5 P330 E620 T6
SET PATH=C:\WINDOWS;C:\
LH C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\MSCDEX.EXE /D:123
LH C:\MOUSE\MOUSE.EXE
DOSKEY
CLS
| COMMAND | EXPLANATION |
| @echo off | Tells DOS to just read the lines but don't echo them back to the screen. |
| SET SOUND=C:\PROGRA~1\CREATIVE\CTSND | This example is for the particular sound card that we have in one of the machines that we have. The set sound is telling the computer to send all sound events that the computer may run to that directory. |
| SET BLASTER=A220 I5 D1 H5 P330 E620 T6 | Tells the computer to set the sound blaster settings. This is a good line for game players; if you have this line in your autoexec.bat you will know all settings for your sound card. A220 = port address "220", I5 = IRQ 5, D1 = DMA 1 usually being the settings you will need for any game out on the market. |
| SET PATH=C:\WINDOWS;C:\ | Sets the computer to look in the C:\windows directory or the root if a command used at the prompt is not found. |
| LH C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\MSCDEX.EXE /D:123 | Line used for the CD-ROM. If you have Windows 95+, the MSCDEX will always be in the C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND. In Windows 3.x or DOS, this will usually be either in C:\DOS or C:\WINDOWS directory. The /D:123 is the name of the driver name that loads in upper memory; this can be anything, usually /D:MSCD0001. However, this is not an actual driver, this is just the name for the driver. Ensure if you change this line that you change it in the config.sys on your CD-ROM line. If the two are not the same, your CD-ROM drive will not load. |
| LH C:\MOUSE\MOUSE.EXE | Loads the mouse driver into memory. However, not all mice use the same drivers. Although the mouse may use mouse.exe it could also be "mouse.com" or "mouse.sys", which is loaded in the config.sys. |
| C:\DOS\SMARTDRV.EXE /X | Loads the smartdrive disk cache utility into memory. See our smartdrv command page for additional information about this utility. |
| DOSKEY | Simple dos command to load DOSKEY into memory so when in DOS you can use it without having to load it. |
| CLS | MS-DOS command to clear screen. |
| WIN | Used for users using Windows 3.x, this line will load Windows automatically when booting the computer. |
Below is an example of what the config.sys may look like:
DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\HIMEM.SYS
DOS=HIGH,UMB
DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\EMM386.EXE NOEMS
FILES=30
STACKS=0,0
BUFFERS=20
DEVICEHIGH=C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\ANSI.SYS
DEVICEHIGH=C:\MTMCDAI.SYS /D:123
| COMMAND | EXPLANATION |
| DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\HIMEM.SYS | The Himem.sys line is a very important line; this line will allow you to load drivers into high memory. If this line is not present, Windows 3.x will not load. |
| DOS=HIGH,UMB | This line will load DOS into high memory in an upper memory block. Note the location usually best placed after the HIMEM.SYS. |
| DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\EMM386.EXE NOEMS | The EMM386 line loads the extended memory manager, however note that some MS-DOS games have problems with extended memory and will not run without the NOEMS statement. |
| FILES=30 | The files line allow Windows to load 30 files at the same time. Usually, however, going higher may decrease the computer's performance; 30 is found to work the best. Also ensure that this line is all as one line and that there is not a space between and after the =. |
| STACKS=0,0 | The stacks line was first used in MS-DOS 3.2 and was used to swap the stack whenever an asynchronous hardware interrupt occurred. Later in MS-DOS 3.3 the line STACKS=0,0 was added into the config.sys. In special circumstances, this line was changed to STACKS=9,128. The STACKS statement has a range of 8-64, 32-512. If a higher value is entered you will receive a FATAL : Internal Stack Failure, System Halted error message. |
| BUFFERS=20 | Buffers line is to load buffers into memory allowing Windows to load memory. |
| DEVICEHIGH=C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND\ANSI.SYS | The ansi.sys line is a driver for DOS to allow you to have different colors / sizes and special characters at the DOS prompt. |
| DEVICEHIGH=C:\MTMCDAI.SYS /D:123 | This line is the name of the CD-ROM driver on the particular system we are working on. The /D:123 represents the name of the driver, which in this case is named 123, however, can be named anything, usually MSCD0001. Note, however, that /D:123 must be exactly the same in config.sys and autoexec.bat; if they are different, the CD-ROM will not work in DOS. |
| LASTDRIVE= | Allows you to specify the last drive installed on the computer. It is not recommended this line be used unless you are using Windows 3.11 or below. This line can cause issues with Windows 95 & 98 and will generally be remarked by Windows automatically. |
| FCBS= | Line used to specify the number of file-control blocks for file sharing. This line should only be used when programs require it, and today, is generally not used or required. FCBS can utilize between 1 and 255. |